First in the World

The first man to go into space was Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet astronaut who flew the Vostok 1 spacecraft on April 12, 1961.

Valentina Tereshkova (1963)

1. Valentina Tereshkova - First woman to go into space (1963)
2. Svetlana Savitskaya - First woman to walk in space (1982)
3. Ellen Ochoa - First Hispanic woman to go into space (1993)
4. Peggy Whitson - First woman to command the International Space Station (2007)

Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay (1953)

1. Sir Edmund Hillary (New Zealand) and Tenzing Norgay (Nepal) - 1953
2. James Whittaker (US) - 1963
3. Reinhold Messner (Italy) - 1978
4. Erhard Loretan (Switzerland) - 1986

1. Junko Tabei - Japan (1975)
2. Nina Caprez - Switzerland (2002)
3. Pasang Lhamu Sherpa Akita - Nepal (2002)
4. Lhakpa Sherpa - Nepal (2003)

Santosh Yadav (1992,93)

Santosh Yadav was the first woman to climb Mount Everest twice. She first ascended the mountain in 1992, and then again in 1993. She is a native of India and is known for her achievements in mountaineering.

The first President of the United States was George Washington, who served from 1789-1797. He was a key figure in the American Revolutionary War and is often referred to as the "Father of His Country."

1. George Washington (1789-1797)
2. John Adams (1797-1801)
3. Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809)
4. James Madison (1809-1817)

Sir Robert Walpole (1721)

The first Prime Minister of Britain was Robert Walpole. He served as Prime Minister from 1721 to 1742.

1. Sir Robert Walpole (1721-1742)
2. Lord Carteret (1742-1743)
3. Henry Pelham (1743-1754)
4. Duke of Newcastle (1754-1756)

Sirimavo Bandaranaike (1960)

The first female Prime Minister of Sri Lanka was Sirimavo Bandaranaike, who served as Prime Minister from 1960 to 1965, 1970 to 1977, and 1994 to 2000. She is also the world's first female head of government.

Margaret Thatcher (1979)

The first woman to serve as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom was Margaret Thatcher, who was in office from 1979 to 1990.

There have been only two female prime ministers in Britain: Margaret Thatcher and Theresa May. Margaret Thatcher served as prime minister from 1979 to 1990, and Theresa May served from 2016 to 2019.

Benazir Bhutto (1988)

The first woman to serve as the Prime Minister of Pakistan was Benazir Bhutto, who held the position from 1988 to 1990, and again from 1993 to 1996. She was the first woman to lead a Muslim majority country and the first woman to be elected as Prime Minister in a Muslim-majority country.

Pakistan has had only one female Prime Minister, Benazir Bhutto, who served two terms from 1988-1990 and 1993-1996. There have been no other female Prime Ministers in Pakistan so far.

Ferdinand Magellan (1521)

The first man to sail around the world was Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese explorer who led a Spanish expedition. He set out in 1519 and completed the journey in 1522, although he did not survive the journey and was killed in the Philippines. The expedition consisted of five ships and about 270 men, and only one ship, the Victoria, returned to Spain with 18 survivors. The voyage was significant because it was the first to circumnavigate the globe and proved that the world was round.

1. Ferdinand Magellan (1519-1522)
2. Francis Drake (1577-1580)
3. William Dampier (1679-1691)
4. James Cook (1768-1771)

Roald Amundsen (1911)

The first man to reach the South Pole was Roald Amundsen, a Norwegian explorer. He arrived at the South Pole on December 14, 1911.

1. Roald Amundsen (1911)
2. Robert Falcon Scott (1912)
3. Sir Vivian Fuchs (1958)
4. Sir Edmund Hillary (1958)

Fran Phipps (1971)

Fran Phipps was the first woman to reach the South Pole. She was part of the first all-women team to make the journey in 1971.

Robert Peary (1909)

The first man to reach the North Pole was Robert Edwin Peary, an American explorer, in 1909.

1. Robert Peary (1909)
2. Matthew Henson (1909)
3. Roald Amundsen (1926)
4. Lincoln Ellsworth (1926)

Karoline Mikkelsen (1935)

Karoline Mikkelsen was the first woman to reach the North Pole. She achieved this feat in 1935, along with her husband, Larsen, and two Inuit men. They reached the North Pole on board the ship "Maud".

1. Karoline Mikkelsen (1935)
2. Louise Arner Boyd (1936)
3. Eivor Martinusen (1937)
4. Helen Thayer (1988)

Christiaan Barnard (1967)

The first successful human heart transplant was performed by Dr. Christiaan Barnard on December 3, 1967 in Cape Town, South Africa.

1. Dr. Christiaan Barnard (1967)
2. Dr. Norman Shumway (1968)
3. Dr. Adrian Kantrowitz (1968)
4. Dr. Leonard Bailey (1984)

Alexander the Great (326 BC)

The first European to invade India was Alexander the Great in 326 BC. However, other Europeans would later invade India, including the Portuguese in the 16th century and the British in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Fahien (405 AD)

The first Chinese pilgrim to visit India was Fa-Hien, who travelled to India in the 5th century CE.

1. Fa-hsien (337-422)
2. Hsüan-tsang (602-664)
3. I-ching (635-713)
4. Yijing (635-713)

American college professor and scientist Robert Goddard built and flew the world's first liquid propellant rocket on March 16, 1926. Its flight, though unimpressive (it climbed only 12.5 meters), was the forerunner of the Saturn V Moon rocket 43 years later.

Option A (Robert Goddard) is a valid choice, as he is considered one of the pioneers of modern rocketry and developed the first liquid-fueled rocket.