When throw keyword is used?

It is the process where one object acquires the properties of another. With the use of inheritance the information is made manageable in a hierarchical order.

1. Inheritance is a concept in object-oriented programming (OOP) that allows new classes to be based on existing classes.
2. The existing class is called the "parent class" or "base class", while the new class is called the "child class" or "derived class".
3. Through inheritance, the child class can inherit some or all of the properties and methods of the parent class.
4. The child class can reuse the properties and methods of the parent class, allowing for code reuse and reducing redundancy.
5. The child class can also add new properties and methods or override existing ones to modify the behavior of the parent class.
6. Inheritance allows for the creation of class hierarchies, where each level inherits from the level above it.
7. Inheritance can lead to more efficient and organized code, as well as easier maintenance and updates.
8. Inheritance is a key concept in OOP and is widely used in many programming languages, including Java, C++, and Python.
9. Examples of inheritance in action include a parent class called "Animal" with child classes called "Dog" and "Cat", where each child class inherits common properties and methods from the parent class while also having their own specific properties and methods.

If the method overrides one of its superclass's methods, overridden method can be invoked through the use of the keyword super. It can be also used to refer to a hidden field.

It is the technique of making the fields in a class private and providing access to the fields via public methods. If a field is declared private, it cannot be accessed by anyone outside the class, thereby hiding the fields within the class. Therefore encapsulation is also referred to as data hiding.

The main benefit of encapsulation is the ability to modify our implemented code without breaking the code of others who use our code. With this Encapsulation gives maintainability, flexibility and extensibility to our code.