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Linear search or Sequential is the simplest search algorithm for finding a particular value in an array, that consists of checking every one of its elements, one at a time and in sequence until the desired one is found.

Here's an example code for performing a linear search in an array using C language:

#include <stdio.h>

// Function to perform linear search in an array
int linearSearch(int arr[], int n, int key) {
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (arr[i] == key)
            return i;
    }
    return -1;
}

int main() {
    int arr[] = { 2, 5, 7, 12, 16, 20, 23 };
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
    int key = 16;

    int index = linearSearch(arr, n, key);

    if (index == -1) {
        printf("Element not found in array");
    } else {
        printf("Element found at index %d", index);
    }

    return 0;
}

In this code, we have defined a function linearSearch which takes an integer array, its size and the search key as arguments. The function then iterates through the array elements one by one and compares them with the search key. If the key is found, the function returns the index of the key in the array, otherwise it returns -1 indicating that the key was not found.

In the main function, we have declared an integer array, its size and the search key. We then call the linearSearch function passing these arguments, and store the result in the index variable. We then check if the value of index is -1 or not, and print the appropriate message indicating whether the key was found or not.

A Binary Search or Half-interval search algorithm finds the position of a specified value (the input "key") within a sorted array. In each step, the algorithm compares the input key value with the key value of the middle element of the array. If the keys match, then a matching element has been found so its index, or position, is returned. Otherwise, if the sought key is less than the middle element's key, then the algorithm repeats its action on the sub- array to the left of the middle element or, if the input key is greater, on the sub-array to the right. If the remaining array to be searched is reduced to zero, then the key cannot be found in the array and a special "Not found" indication is returned.

A stack is a last in, first out (LIFO) abstract data type and linear data structure. A stack can have any abstract data type as an element, but is characterized by two fundamental operations, called push and pop. The push operation adds a new item to the top of the stack, or initializes the stack if it is empty. If the stack is full and does not contain enough space to accept the given item, the stack is then considered to be in an overflow state. The pop operation removes an item from the top of the stack. A pop either reveals previously concealed items, or results in an empty stack, but if the stack is empty then it goes into underflow state (It means no items are present in stack to be removed).

Stack follows LIFO. Thus the item that is first entered would be the last removed. In array the items can be entered or removed in any order. Basically each member access is done using index and no strict order is to be followed here to remove a particular element .Array may be multi-dimensional or one dimensional but stack should be one-dimensional. Size of array is fixed, while stack can be grow or shrink. We can say stack is dynamic data structure.

Here are the main differences between arrays and stacks:

In summary, arrays have a fixed size and allow for direct element access, while stacks have a dynamic size and prioritize the most recently added element for access.

1. The front will always be pointing to the first element of the queue.
2. Each time a new element is inserted into the queue, the value of rear is incremented by one i.e., Rear = (Rear + 1);
3. Each time when an existing element is deleted from the queue, the value of rear is incremented by one i.e., Front = (Front + 1);
4. The front is the initial or first location of the queue where Rear indicates the last entry location in the queue.