Correct Option: C
Explanation: Bake a cake [IBPS Clerk 2015] <br> <p><strong>Functioning of a Computer</strong><br />Computer performs four basic functions which are as follows</p> <ul> <li><strong>Input:</strong> Information or data that is entered into a computer is called input. It sends data and instructions to the Central Processing Unit (CPU).</li> <li><strong>Processing:</strong> It is the sequence of actions taken on data to convert it into information which is meaningful to the user. It can be calculations, comparisons or decisions taken by the computer.</li> <li><strong>Output:</strong> It makes processed data available to the user. It is mainly used to display the desired result to the user as per input instructions.</li> <li><strong>Storage:</strong> It stores data and programs permanently. It is used to store information during the time of program execution and possible to get any type of information from it.</li> </ul>

Correct Option: D
Explanation: <p><strong>General Purpose Computer</strong><br />General purpose computers are those computers, which are used to solve variety of problems by changing the program or instructions. e.g. To make small database, calculations, accounting, etc.</p>

Correct Option: D
Explanation: Christoper Latham Sholes

Correct Option: A
Explanation: The earliest calculating device is abacus. <br> <p><strong>Abacus(1602)</strong></p> <p><strong>Inventor</strong>:&nbsp;China</p> <p><strong>Characteristics</strong>:&nbsp;</p> <ul> <li>First mechanical calculating device.</li> <li>A horizontal rod represents the one, tens, hundred, etc.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Applications</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Used for addition and subtraction operations.</li> <li>Calculation of square roots can also be performed.</li> </ul>

Correct Option: D
Explanation: <p>The word <strong>computer</strong> has been derived from <strong>Latin language</strong>. A computer is an <strong>electronic device</strong> that manipulates <strong>information or data</strong> according to the set of instructions. It has the ability to store, retrieve and process data. A computer is used to type documents, send E-mails and browse the Internet. It is also used to handle accounting, database management, presentations, games and so on.</p>

Correct Option: C
Explanation: <p><strong>UNIVAC (1951)</strong></p> <p><strong>Inventor</strong>: J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly (America)</p> <p><strong>Characteristics</strong>:&nbsp;</p> <ul> <li>First general-purpose electronic computer with large amount of input and output.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Applications</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Used magnetic tapes as input and output.</li> </ul>

Correct Option: B
Explanation: <p><strong>Special Purpose Computer</strong><br />Special purpose computers are those computers which are used to solve a single and dedicated types of problem. e.g. Automatic aircraft landing, multimedia computer, etc.</p> <p><strong>Quantum computer</strong> was first introduced by Richard Feynman. It uses quantum mechanical phenomena. It is the fastest computer imitating brain working.<br /><strong>Nano computer</strong> is a general team used to describe a computer smaller than a microcomputer, usually about the size of a credit card. e.g. Raspberry Pi which could be used in schools to teach science to children.<br /><strong>Pratyush</strong> India&rsquo;s fastest and first multi-petaflops (PF) supercomputer named Pratyush was unveiled at Pune based Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM).<br />Pratyush has 6.8 PF computational power installed at two MoES Institutes. 4.0 Peta Flops HPC facility at IITM, Pune and 2.8 Peta Flops facility at NCMRWF, Noida. Pratyush is fourth fastest supercomputer in the world dedicated for weather and climate research.<br /><strong>Note</strong> PF is a measure of a computer&rsquo;s processing speed.</p>

Correct Option: D
Explanation: Input, Process, Output, Storage <br> <p><strong>Functioning of a Computer</strong><br />Computer performs four basic functions which are as follows</p> <ul> <li><strong>Input:</strong> Information or data that is entered into a computer is called input. It sends data and instructions to the Central Processing Unit (CPU).</li> <li><strong>Processing:</strong> It is the sequence of actions taken on data to convert it into information which is meaningful to the user. It can be calculations, comparisons or decisions taken by the computer.</li> <li><strong>Output:</strong> It makes processed data available to the user. It is mainly used to display the desired result to the user as per input instructions.</li> <li><strong>Storage:</strong> It stores data and programs permanently. It is used to store information during the time of program execution and possible to get any type of information from it.</li> </ul>

Correct Option: C
Explanation: <p>Jacquard&rsquo;s Loom (1801)</p> <p><strong>Inventor</strong>: Joseph Marie Jacquard (France)</p> <p><strong>Characteristics</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Mainly weaved a silk based pattern.</li> <li>Used <strong><em>punched card for the sequence of operation</em></strong>.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Applications</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Simplified the process of Textiles.</li> </ul> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Correct Option: A
Explanation: Computer’s basic architecture was developed by John Von Neumann