Introduction to computer MCQ

Option A: Ericson

Option B: Vint Cerf

The father of the Internet is often credited to be Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn, who co-designed the fundamental communication protocols of the Internet, namely Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP), in the early 1970s. They published their work in a seminal paper titled "A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication," which laid the foundation for the modern Internet as we know it today. However, it is important to note that the Internet is a complex technology that was built by a large community of researchers and engineers, and its development was influenced by many factors, including government funding, academic research, and commercial interests.

Option C: Charles Babbage

Christoper Latham Sholes

John McCarthy

Analytical Engine

Steve Jobs

The word computer has been derived from Latin language. A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information or data according to the set of instructions. It has the ability to store, retrieve and process data. A computer is used to type documents, send E-mails and browse the Internet. It is also used to handle accounting, database management, presentations, games and so on.

Input, Process, Output, Storage

Functioning of a Computer
Computer performs four basic functions which are as follows

• Input: Information or data that is entered into a computer is called input. It sends data and instructions to the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
• Processing: It is the sequence of actions taken on data to convert it into information which is meaningful to the user. It can be calculations, comparisons or decisions taken by the computer.
• Output: It makes processed data available to the user. It is mainly used to display the desired result to the user as per input instructions.
• Storage: It stores data and programs permanently. It is used to store information during the time of program execution and possible to get any type of information from it.

Computer cannot perform thinking.

Functioning of a Computer
Computer performs four basic functions which are as follows

• Input: Information or data that is entered into a computer is called input. It sends data and instructions to the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
• Processing: It is the sequence of actions taken on data to convert it into information which is meaningful to the user. It can be calculations, comparisons or decisions taken by the computer.
• Output: It makes processed data available to the user. It is mainly used to display the desired result to the user as per input instructions.
• Storage: It stores data and programs permanently. It is used to store information during the time of program execution and possible to get any type of information from it.

Bake a cake [IBPS Clerk 2015]

Functioning of a Computer
Computer performs four basic functions which are as follows

• Input: Information or data that is entered into a computer is called input. It sends data and instructions to the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
• Processing: It is the sequence of actions taken on data to convert it into information which is meaningful to the user. It can be calculations, comparisons or decisions taken by the computer.
• Output: It makes processed data available to the user. It is mainly used to display the desired result to the user as per input instructions.
• Storage: It stores data and programs permanently. It is used to store information during the time of program execution and possible to get any type of information from it.

very fast and can store huge amount of data.
Read More: Advantages of Computer
Read More: Applications of computer

The earliest calculating device is abacus.

Abacus(1602)

Inventor: China

Characteristics: 

• First mechanical calculating device.
• A horizontal rod represents the one, tens, hundred, etc.

Applications:

• Used for addition and subtraction operations.
• Calculation of square roots can also be performed.

Jacquard’s Loom (1801)

Inventor: Joseph Marie Jacquard (France)

Characteristics:

• Mainly weaved a silk based pattern.
• Used punched card for the sequence of operation.

Applications:

• Simplified the process of Textiles.

Analytical Engine (1837)

Inventor: Charles Babbage (Father of Computer) (London)

Characteristics:

• First general-purpose computer.
• Stored program in the form of ‘pegs’ also called barrels.

Applications:

• It was a decimal machine used sign and magnitude for representation of a number.

Herman Hollerith was an American businessman, inventor, and statistician who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine for punched cards to assist in summarizing information and, later, in accounting.

ENIAC(1946)

Inventor: JP Eckert and JW Mauchly (America)

Characteristics: 

• It is a combination of twenty accumulators.
• First electronic digital computer.

Applications:

Used for weather prediction, atomic energy calculation and other scientific uses.

UNIVAC (1951)

Inventor: J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly (America)

Characteristics: 

• First general-purpose electronic computer with large amount of input and output.

Applications:

• Used magnetic tapes as input and output.

Computer’s basic architecture was developed by John Von Neumann

General Purpose Computer
General purpose computers are those computers, which are used to solve variety of problems by changing the program or instructions. e.g. To make small database, calculations, accounting, etc.

Special Purpose Computer
Special purpose computers are those computers which are used to solve a single and dedicated types of problem. e.g. Automatic aircraft landing, multimedia computer, etc.

Quantum computer was first introduced by Richard Feynman. It uses quantum mechanical phenomena. It is the fastest computer imitating brain working.
Nano computer is a general team used to describe a computer smaller than a microcomputer, usually about the size of a credit card. e.g. Raspberry Pi which could be used in schools to teach science to children.
Pratyush India’s fastest and first multi-petaflops (PF) supercomputer named Pratyush was unveiled at Pune based Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM).
Pratyush has 6.8 PF computational power installed at two MoES Institutes. 4.0 Peta Flops HPC facility at IITM, Pune and 2.8 Peta Flops facility at NCMRWF, Noida. Pratyush is fourth fastest supercomputer in the world dedicated for weather and climate research.
Note PF is a measure of a computer’s processing speed.

electronic machine