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The source file extension is .java and the bytecode file extension is .class.

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A Java source file is a text file containing code written in the Java programming language. This code defines classes, methods, and variables, and provides the implementation of the program's logic. The source file has a ".java" extension, and is typically compiled into Java bytecode, which is stored in a file with a ".class" extension. Java bytecode is the machine-readable representation of the source code that can be executed on a Java Virtual Machine.

The input of a Java compiler is a Java source code file and the output is a Java class file.

The input of a Java compiler is Java source code files, typically with the extension ".java". These files contain code written in the Java programming language.

The output of a Java compiler is called bytecode. This is a compiled form of the code written in the Java source code file. The bytecode is stored in a file with the extension ".class". This bytecode can be executed on any platform with a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) installed.

JVM is the Java virtual machine that runs a Java program.

JVM stands for Java Virtual Machine. It is an abstract computing machine that provides a platform-independent environment for executing Java code. The JVM is responsible for interpreting compiled Java code and executing the appropriate instructions on the host machine. It also manages memory allocation, garbage collection, and other low-level details of the Java execution environment. The JVM provides a common environment for executing Java code, regardless of the underlying hardware or operating system, enabling Java to be portable across different platforms.

Java can run on any machine with a JVM. JVM(Java Virtual Machine) acts as a run-time engine to run Java applications. JVM is the one that actually calls the main method present in Java code. JVM is a part of the JRE(Java Runtime Environment).